Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
Retrocalcaneal bursitis, also known as insertional Achilles tendonitis, is the inflammation of the bursa located between the heel bone (calcaneus) and the Achilles tendon. The bursa is a fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction between the tendon and the bone. Here's an overview of the condition:
Retrocalcaneal bursitis is characterized by inflammation of the bursa located at the back of the heel, where the Achilles tendon inserts into the calcaneus (heel bone).
Causes
- Repetitive Stress: Overuse or repetitive stress on the Achilles tendon, such as excessive running or jumping, can lead to irritation and inflammation.
- Foot Structure: Abnormal foot structure, such as a high arch or tight Achilles tendon, can contribute to increased pressure on the bursa.
- Footwear: lll-fitting shoes, especially those that rub against the back of the heel, can contribute to the development of bursitis.
Symptoms
- Pain: Pain at the back of the heel, particularly with movement or pressure.
- Swelling: Swelling in the area of the Achilles tendon insertion.
- Redness and Warmth: The affected area may become red and warm to the touch.
- Limited Range of Motion: Stiffness and limited range of motion in the ankle.
Investigations
- Physical Examination: A healthcare provider will examine the affected foot and assess range of motion.
- Imaging Studies: X-rays may be ordered to rule out other conditions, and in some cases, an MRI may be used to visualize soft tissues and identify inflammation.
Treatment
- Rest: Avoiding activities that aggravate the condition is crucial to allow the inflammation to subside.
- Ice: Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain.
- Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be recommended to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Physical Therapy: Stretching and strengthening exercises may be prescribed to improve flexibility and support the affected area.
- Orthotics: Shoe inserts or custom orthotic devices can help correct foot mechanics and reduce strain on the Achilles tendon.
Complications
- Chronic Pain: If left untreated, retrocalcaneal bursitis can become a chronic condition, leading to persistent pain and discomfort.
- Achilles Tendon Rupture: In severe cases, chronic inflammation can weaken the Achilles tendon, increasing the risk of tendon rupture.
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